Taking Control of Glycemia in Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Cardiovascular Risk

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Program Overview:

More than 20 million people in the United States are affected by diabetes, with 1.5 million new cases appearing each year, the majority of which are being treated in the primary care setting. Type 2 diabetes comprises between 90% and 95% of all cases of diabetes. Of this population, nearly 65% will die from heart disease or stroke, a rate that is 4 times higher than in the nondiabetic population. Early cardiovascular death as a result of hyperglycemia is the predominant clinical outcome of diabetes and has become a major source of preventable disease and fatality.

Individualized and early glycemic control is critical in the prevention and management of diabetes and in reducing cardiovascular risk. Since type 2 diabetes is a progressive disease, the needs of each patient change over time and treatment should be adapted accordingly. The treatment algorithm, established by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), represents a variety of evidence-based therapeutic options that have been proven to help control and maintain glycemic levels. However, since the devolvement of these guidelines, promising new agents have appeared and questions have arisen on the cardiovascular safety of many of the current therapeutic options.

The most effective way to reduce cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes comes through the concerted treatment of glycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. However, the reality is that nearly 1 in 5 diabetics has poor glycemic control, more than one-third have elevated blood pressure, and more than half have elevated cholesterol levels (AHRQ Web site). During the course of this program, attendees will be exposed to the relationship between insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and the resulting cardiovascular risk in an effort to uncover effective treatment strategies and patient based therapeutic options.

Learning Objectives

After completing this activity, the participant will be able to:

• Utilize appropriate glucose-lowering agents to reduce A1C to ≤ 7.0%
• Minimize adverse events and cardiovascular risk associated with glycemic therapy by employing appropriate glucose, blood pressure, and serum cholesterol agents

Accreditation/Designation Statement

Primary Care Network, Inc. is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians.

Primary Care Network designates this educational activity for a maximum of 1.25 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Target Audience:
This activity is targeted to all physicians and other healthcare professionals who treat patients with diabetes.

Release Date: February 23, 2009
Expiration Date: February 23, 2010

Medium: Podcast

Acknowledgement of Commercial Support:

This activity was developed from the live Best Practices in Primary Care™ program held in Dallas, Texas on October 24, 2008 which was funded by Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America, Inc.

Method of Participation:

To receive CME credit for this activity, you need to listen to the program. Upon finishing the podcast, complete the post-test and evaluation, and fill out all required personal information. To receive your CME certificate you will need to pass the post-test with 70% accuracy or better.

Post-test and Evaluation:

After completing this activity, click on the Post-test button at the end of the program. If you receive less than 70% on the post-test, you will be returned to the beginning of the activity to review the presentation again. Upon successful completion of the post-test, you will be asked to fill out a program evaluation form and prompted to print your CME certificate.

Statement of Disclosure and Independence:

It is the policy of Primary Care Network, Inc. to ensure all its sponsored educational activities are planned, developed, and conducted in accordance with the ACCME’s Essential Areas and Policies. In accordance with ACCME requirements, Primary Care Network has Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Policies that are designed to ensure that Primary Care Network sponsored educational activities are fair balanced, independent, evidence-based and based on scientific rigor.

Primary Care Network’s Resolution of Personal Conflicts of Interest (COI) Policy aims to ensure that all conflicts are resolved prior to the activity, content is developed and presented free of commercial bias, and is in the interest of promoting improvements or quality in healthcare. All individuals who are in a position to influence and/or control content of a Primary Care Network sponsored activity are required to disclose to the participants any real or apparent conflict of interest related to the activity. The educational content is also reviewed for independence and content validation by an independent external clinical reviewer and internal clinical reviewer. Independence is also monitored through the activity and overall program evaluation process.

The opinions, ideas, recommendations, and perspectives expressed in the accompanying presentations at this Primary Care Education program are those of the program authors and presenting faculty only and do not necessarily reflect the opinions, ideas, recommendations or perspectives of their affiliated institutions, Primary Care Network, Primary Care Education, Advisory Boards and Consultants, or the activity’s commercial supporters.

Planning Committee and Disclosures

Mark Richardson, PhD
Medical Writer
The Customer Link, Inc.
Cary, NC

Dr. Richardson has nothing to disclose.

Mark W. Stolar, MD
Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine
Division of Endocrinology
Feinberg School of Medicine
Northwestern University
Chicago, IL

Dr. Stolar is a member of the speaker’s bureau for Eli Lilly and Company, Merck & Co., Inc., and Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America, Inc. He also serves on the advisory board for and is a stockholder of Takeda.

Faculty and Disclosures

Mark W. Stolar, MD
Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine
Division of Endocrinology
Feinberg School of Medicine
Northwestern University
Chicago, IL

Dr. Stolar is a member of the speaker’s bureau for Eli Lilly and Company, Merck & Co., Inc., and Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America, Inc. He also serves on the advisory board for and is a stockholder of Takeda.

Patrick J. Boyle, MD
Professor of Medicine
University of New Mexico
Albuquerque, NM

Dr. Boyle is a member of the speaker’s bureau for Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Merck & Co., Inc., and Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America, Inc., and is on the advisory board of Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America, Inc.

Review Committee Disclosure

In accordance with our policy, all content is reviewed by external independent peer reviewers for balance, objectivity and commercial bias. The peer reviewers, staff, and other individuals who control content have no relevant financial relationships to disclose.

Unlabeled Use Declaration:

During their presentation(s), faculty may discuss an unlabeled use or an investigational use not approved for a commercial product. Each faculty member is required to disclose this information to the audience when referring to an unlabeled or investigational use.

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